Panic Attack Treatment in London & Online
At Therapy Central, we offer panic attack therapy and treatment in London and online for people caught in cycles of sudden fear, frightening body sensations, avoidance or fear of another attack. A qualified therapist can help you understand what keeps panic going and use evidence-based approaches, including CBT-informed strategies when appropriate, to reduce fear-driven patterns at a pace that feels manageable.
If symptoms are new, severe or medically concerning, seek medical advice first. Therapy can then support the anxiety cycle around panic while keeping appropriate medical guidance in place.
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What are Panic Attacks?
Panic attacks involve a sudden strong increase in anxiety, fear and panic. You may be able to identify the trigger for panic episodes, but they can also occur when there is no identifiable trigger. Keep in mind that having a panic attack does not necessarily mean that you have panic disorder.
Understanding Panic disorder
Experiencing an intense moment of fear or discomfort, known as a panic attack, can feel isolating. If you’re noticing panic attacks are reoccurring, it’s possible you may be dealing with a panic disorder, one of the most common mental disorders. Panic disorder is a well understood mental health issue, one of many anxiety disorders, defined mainly by the anticipation and fear of having panic attacks. If you’re dealing with panic disorder then it’s likely you’re experiencing meaningful changes in behaviour, including avoiding situations that have triggered panic episodes in the past.
Having one panic attack does’t mean you have panic disorder. However, if they are happening often, they can have a significant impact on your day-to-day life. Panic disorder will require professional help to be treated. Luckily, our supportive therapists are experts in understanding the symptoms of a panic episode and the scenarios in which panic attacks happen, their causes and impact on you and can provide therapy designed specifically for your unique challenges.
What are the Signs and Symptoms of Panic Disorder?
People experience panic attacks in a variety of ways. However, when you’re having one, you can experience a variety of physical symptoms, including:
- struggle to breathe
- feel dizzy
- feel nauseous
- have palpitations (i.e., increased heart rate)
- have an urge to go to the toilet
- feel numb
- have tingling sensations
- feel faint
These physical symptoms are the body’s response to a perceived threat and, although highly unpleasant, they are not dangerous. However, their intensity can lead to strong emotional responses, such as fears that:
• you might stop breathing
• you might faint
• you might have a heart attack or die
• you might get of control or crazy
• you might vomit
• you might have symptoms of a panic episode
These fears, in turn, can make the physical symptoms worse, which further fuels the fears and so on. This cycle makes panic attacks an extremely unpleasant experience, often leaving you exhausted and afraid to experience another attack.
How are Panic Attacks Maintained?
After experiencing one or more panic episodes, it’s common to develop a fear of having future panic attacks. As a result, you may avoid situations altogether where you fear you are likely to experience another panic attack. If you choose to go into feared situations, you might do it only by taking precautions, like making sure you have medication on hand, bringing a friend for support, carrying a water bottle, or staying close to an exit for a quick escape if you start to feel overwhelmed. The problem is that this inadvertently makes panic attacks worse.
Someone with panic disorder, who fears they might have a panic attack in a social setting, may choose to stay near an exit so they can escape quickly should panic set in. Following experiencing one or many panic attacks, you may lose your confidence in situations where you previously felt secure.
In essence, panic attacks often persist due to a mix of:
- Fear of future attacks
- Unchallenged misinterpretations of physical symptoms as danger signs, and
- Avoidance behaviours that inadvertently maintain the cycle
Therapy typically tackles both the cognitive aspect – changing how you interpret these symptoms – and the behavioural side – reducing avoidance to break the cycle.
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What’s the Difference Between a Panic Attack and an Anxiety Attack?
Sometimes you hear the terms panic attack and anxiety attack used as if they’re the same. In fact, they are quite different experiences. Here’s how:
- Panic attacks: are intense episodes where you might feel like you’re losing control, having a heart attack, or even fear dying. They come on suddenly and are often not directly triggered by anything you can pinpoint. If panic attack happen regularly, you might have panic disorder.
- Anxiety attacks: while not an official term used by therapists, generally describe a period of high worry and stress. This type of anxiety doesn’t hit as suddenly as a panic attack but builds up over time, often due to a specific situation or problem (e.g., job loss, relationship breakup, etc.)
Here’s a simple breakdown of the differences:
| Feature | Panic Attack | Anxiety Attack |
| Onset | Sudden and without warning | Gradual build-up related to a perceived stressor |
| Duration | Brief and intense, often peaking within minutes | Can last for a long time, as long as the stressor is present |
| Symptoms | Palpitations, sweating, trembling, shortness of breath, feeling of choking, chest pain, nausea, dizziness, fear of losing control or “going crazy”, fear of dying | Muscle tension, restlessness, excessive worry, irritability, difficulty concentrating, sleep problems |
| Trigger | Often unprovoked or spontaneous | Specific stressor or worry |
| Treatment | CBT, medication, relaxation techniques, exposure therapy | CBT, stress management, relaxation techniques, counseling |
Both panic attacks and anxiety can be treated with our help. Our therapists are trained to be responsive to what you’re going through, whether it’s the sudden fear of a panic attack or the ongoing stress of anxiety.
When panic is kept going by avoidance or safety behaviours, your therapist may also use exposure-based CBT strategies; our ERP therapy page explains one structured exposure approach.
Ready to tackle your anxiety or panic attacks? Reach out to us for a personalised treatment plan.
What Causes Unexpected Panic Attacks?
There is no single known cause of panic attacks for everyone. Many factors are believed to be important to develop panic disorder. However, the impact of these is different from person to person:
Genetic Factors: There is no single gene known to cause panic attacks, however, studies show that if you have a first-degree relative who experiences them, it’s more likely that you will experience panic symptoms at some point in your life
Psychological Factors: Various psychological factors, frequently explored during therapy for panic attacks, are believed to increase the likelihood of experiencing these episodes. These include:
- chronic stress
- being taught from a young age that internal physical sensations are worrying and you should pay close attention to them
- being encouraged to rest and recover at the early sign of any different physical sensation
- having another existing mental health difficulty, such as depression, OCD, PTSD, phobias, generalised anxiety disorder and social anxiety
- having a strong internal focus/being hypervigilant to changes in your body
- low self-esteem
Environmental Factors:
- Experiencing a recent bereavement
- Facing a major stressful life event (e.g., loss of a job, moving home, breakdown in a relationship)
- Having a physical illness
When Should I Get Treatment for Panic Attacks?
It can be helpful to seek help for panic attacks, whether your struggle with these has just begun or whether you have been struggling with this condition for some time. If you relate to any of the signs of panic disorder outlined above, then it can be beneficial to seek psychological therapy so that they no longer have a hold on you. It’s also important to rule out any potential medical condition that could account for your symptoms. Always reach out to your GP about your symptoms, before seeking help from a mental health professional and look at your treatment options.
The general rule of thumb is this: if your panic episodes are starting to affect your ability to work, cultivate and maintain relationships and enjoy life in general, then the right time to ask for help is now.
Get in touch today and tell us more about how panic attacks are affecting you.
Therapy Approaches for Panic Disorder
For panic attacks and panic disorder, therapy often focuses on understanding the panic cycle, reducing fear of body sensations, and changing the behaviours that keep panic going. Your therapist will help you choose an approach that fits your symptoms, goals and pace.
CBT for Panic Disorder
Cognitive-Behavioural Therapy (CBT) is a well-established approach used for panic attacks and panic disorder. CBT focuses on identifying, understanding, and changing thinking and behaviour patterns. In CBT, you and your therapist will work together as a team to uncover the thoughts that trigger your panic attacks and learn new, healthier ways to respond to them.
For example, imagine that you tend to have panic attacks when in crowded environments. In therapy, we will assist you in recognising any automatic unhelpful thoughts, like ‘crowds are dangerous‘, that set off your panic. CBT will help you question and change this belief to something less alarming like ‘although crowds might be uncomfortable, they are not inherently a danger.’ By modifying your thought patterns this way, the emotional and bodily reactions to the trigger may change, which in turn can decrease the intensity and frequency of your symptoms of panic.
Other Approaches to Tackle Symptoms of Panic
Beyond CBT, other therapeutic approaches such as Mindfulness-Based Therapy, Psychodynamic Therapy, Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT), and Exposure Therapy have also been beneficial in treating anxiety disorders, like panic.
Mindfulness practices help you stay grounded in the present moment, reducing frequency and intensity of panic attacks. With mindfulness-based therapy, you can gain a greater awareness of your body and mind, recognising the signs of anxiety before they escalate into a full-blown panic attack.
The approach works by disrupting the automatic response that leads to a panic attack. Instead of being swept away by a wave of anxiety, mindfulness-based therapy equips you with the ability to ride the wave and remain anchored in the now. Over time, this practice can reduce the frequency and intensity of panic attacks by enhancing your capacity to manage stress and anxiety proactively
Psychodynamic therapy offers a deep exploration into past experiences and emotional conflicts that may be at the root of your panic disorder. It helps you uncover unconscious patterns influencing current thoughts and behaviours, providing precious insights that can lead to meaningful change. This understanding can empower you to resolve these underlying issues and in doing so reducing the occurrence of panic attacks and improving emotional resilience.
Exposure therapy is a process that carefully and gradually exposes you to the situations or objects you fear, in a safe and controlled environment. Over time, doing this lessen the intense panic response by gradually increasing your comfort level with the feared situations or symptoms (e.g., body sensation). It’s a powerful way to build up your tolerance and reduce avoidance behaviours, teaching you that the feared outcome is less likely or severe than anticipated, which can significantly diminish the power of panic attacks.
For some people, a combination of approaches or an integrative plan may be helpful. This is because panic disorder is a personal experience, and what works best can vary from person to person. Our therapists at Therapy Central, trained in a variety of therapy approaches, understand this and are committed to creating a personalised therapy plan that suits your unique needs.
Panic Attacks Therapy: What does it Involve?
Let’s use CBT Therapy for Panic Disorders as an example as it’s supported by strong evidence of its effectiveness on adults, including from randomised control trials [1].
The first step will be psychoeducation. This will involve, for instance, learning that unpleasant physical sensations are your body’s normal response to a perceived threat and are not dangerous. It’s actually your body trying to protect you!
While progressing on your Panic Attack Treatment, relaxation techniques are introduced to help reduce the unpleasant physical symptoms. With your therapist, you will address your fears through questioning and challenging them using cognitive techniques. One way to challenge your fears is by testing them out via gradually confronting your fears. This phase of therapy for panic is one that includes behavioural and exposure techniques.
As you progress, you will learn that although avoiding situations and taking precautions when entering feared situations help to ease anxiety in the short term, in the longer term, they keep the anxiety and panic disorder going. This is how a Panic Vicious Cycle is maintained. Your therapist will guide you to gradually confront these situations and rely less on precautions. This will help you improve your anxiety and confidence.
Confronting your fears may sound scary and is the opposite of what your brain and body are telling you to do. However, while working on treating panic attacks, you will see that this will soon get you on the road to recovery. You are not alone. Your therapist, a skilled mental health professional, will be by your side in helping you decide when it is the right time to take the next step.
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What are the Benefits of Panic Attacks Treatment?
Research and clinical experience show that people can gain various benefits from therapy for panic attacks:
- Reduction in the frequency of panic attacks
- More control over anxiety and panic
- Ability to face previously feared situations with less anxiety and panic
- Improved quality of life
- Improved confidence
How Long does Therapy for Panic Attacks Last?
Some people can make a significant improvement in their panic attack symptoms in around six sessions. However, others may need additional sessions to get their panic disorder treated. This is to allow time to learn more tools to tackle this condition and ensure it does not return in the future, and prevent future panic attacks. Usually, between six and sixteen sessions have shown to be highly effective to manage symptoms and recover from panic attacks.
Our Therapists for Panic Attacks
All of our therapists are qualified psychologists, psychotherapists or counsellors registered with several professional bodies. These include the Health and Care Professions Council (HCPC), the British Psychological Society (BPS), as well as, BACP, UKCP and BABCP.
Our therapists use CBT (Cognitive Behavioral Therapy), psychodynamic, humanistic and integrative approaches tailored around your needs to help you deal with your unique challenges and reach your goals.
Fees & Insurances
Therapy, Counselling and CBT sessions are 50 minutes long and are usually held at regular weekly time slots.
Free
15 Minute Initial
Phone Consultation
£85 - £145
Psychological Therapy/
Counselling (Self-funded)
£120 - £175
Couples Therapy/
Family Therapy
Covered by
Your Private Healthcare Insurance Provider
Start Your Journey to Recovery with Therapy Central
You do not have to work on panic attacks alone. At Therapy Central, a qualified therapist can help you understand your panic cycle and build a plan that fits your needs. Contact us for a free 15 min consultation to talk through whether panic attack therapy in London or online may be right for you.
Panic Attack Therapy FAQs
What is panic attack therapy?
Panic attack therapy helps you understand what happens before, during and after panic, and what keeps the cycle going. This may include fear of body sensations, avoidance, safety behaviours or worry about another attack. At Therapy Central, your therapist will help you map your own pattern and work on practical steps at a pace that feels manageable.
Is therapy used for panic attacks or panic disorder?
Yes. Therapy can help with repeated panic attacks and panic disorder, where panic becomes linked with ongoing fear of further attacks or changes in behaviour. Your therapist can help you understand whether panic attacks are happening on their own or alongside another anxiety difficulty, and shape the plan around that assessment.
What type of therapy helps with panic attacks?
CBT is commonly used for panic attacks and panic disorder. It may include learning about the panic cycle, reducing safety behaviours, gradually facing feared sensations or situations, and practising different responses when anxiety rises. Depending on your needs, therapy may also draw on mindfulness, acceptance-based or other evidence-based approaches.
Can therapy help with fear of another panic attack?
Yes. Fear of another panic attack can make you scan your body, avoid situations or use safety behaviours that keep the cycle going. Therapy can help you build gradual practice, reduce avoidance and test what happens when anxiety rises and passes. If the fear has spread into avoiding many places or situations, your therapist can help decide whether another anxiety difficulty also needs attention.
What if I am unsure whether it is panic?
Panic can feel intensely physical, and therapy should not replace medical assessment. If symptoms are new, severe, unusual, worsening or medically concerning, seek advice from your GP, NHS 111 or emergency services if urgent. Once medical safety is considered, therapy can help with the anxiety cycle around panic.
What happens in panic attack therapy sessions?
Early sessions usually explore your panic symptoms, triggers, avoidance, safety behaviours and goals. Later work may include CBT exercises, behavioural experiments, gradual exposure to feared sensations or situations, and practice between sessions. Your therapist should agree the pace with you and review progress as you go.
Can I see a panic attack therapist online or in London?
Yes. Therapy Central offers panic attack therapy in London and online. Online sessions can work well when you have a private space and reliable connection, and they can make it easier to practise changes between appointments in the settings where panic tends to show up.
Can I use health insurance for panic attack therapy?
Many clients use private health insurance for therapy at Therapy Central. We work with providers including AXA, Bupa, Aviva, Cigna and WPA, depending on your policy and therapist match. If you are using insurance, tell us when you enquire so we can help confirm the practical steps.
Our Practice in Central London
Our comfortable and confidential therapy rooms are conveniently located 3 min walk from Oxford Circus station, in Central London (see map below). Change starts with Talking!
Authors:
Dr Amy Smith, Counselling Psychologist
Dr Raffaello Antonino, Counselling Psychologist
Learn more:
References:
[1] Otte, C. (2011). Cognitive behavioral therapy in anxiety disorders: current state of the evidence. Dialogues in clinical neuroscience, 13(4), 413.
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